Un absceso esplénico por endocarditis / Abscess due to endocardities

Este artículo se publicó solamente con imágenes.

Angioma de células litorales del bazo: un diagnóstico de lesión focal esplénica: caso clínico / Littoral cell angioma of the spleen: report of one case

Splenic vascular neoplasms are the most common form of spleen tumors. Among them, littoral cell angioma is rare and it is frequently an incidental finding in imaging studies. It has no specific clinical, laboratory or imaging findings. Splenectomy allows definitive diagnosis throughout a histopathological examination. We report a 52-year-old man presenting with asthenia and abdominal distension. Computed tomography with intravenous contrast showed multiple splenic hypodense masses and a prostatic enlargement. Presuming a lymphoma, a laparoscopic splenectomy was performed. Histopathologic examination diagnosed littoral cell angioma. During urological follow-up, a prostate adenocarcinoma was diagnosed.

Diagnóstico Histopatológico e Imuno-histoquímico de Linfoma de Baço com Apresentação Clínica Atípica: Relato de Caso / Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Diagnosis of Spleen Lymphoma with Atypical Clinic Presentation: Case Report / Diagnóstico Histopatológico e Inmunohistoquímico de Linfoma de Bazo con Presentación Clínica Atípica: Relato de Caso

Introdução: Tanto o angiossarcoma esplênico quanto o linfoma não Hodgkin (LNH) de células B não só são raros como apresentam desafios diagnósticos. Relato do caso: Paciente do sexo masculino, 45 anos, obeso, sudorese noturna há um ano, e dor abdominal cíclica há dois, com clínica inicial de angiossarcoma, contudo, sob o exame histopatológico e imuno-histoquímico, mostrou tratar-se de LNH de células B com apresentação atípica. A ultrassonografia (US) de abdome total realizada ao início do sintoma de sudorese noturna não teve alterações. Após um ano, a US apresentou massa esplênica. Na ressonância magnética da região abdominal, constatou-se tumoração esplênica expansiva heterogênea no aspecto anterior, suspeita de angiossarcoma esplênico. Após esplenectomia total, pancreatectomia caudal e linfadenectomia retroperitoneal, o exame histopatológico mostrou neoplasia maligna pouco diferenciada extensamente necrótica substituindo o parênquima esplênico. O estudo imuno-histoquímico foi positivo para os marcadores CD20 em diversos focos, para o BCL2 e para o KI67 (em 95% dos núcleos das células neoplásicas). A histopatologia e a imuno-histoquímica foram compatíveis com o diagnóstico de LNH difuso de alto grau, com imunofenótipo B do baço, sem sinal de infiltração de tecidos adjacentes. Após a esplenectomia total e quatro ciclos de quimioterapia, o paciente estava livre do linfoma e sem sintomas. Conclusão: É de suma importância o reconhecimento do diagnóstico correto de neoplasias raras como a relatada. Tanto a clínica quanto os exames de imagem, mesmo que fundamentais, podem ser imprecisos, reiterando a importância dos exames histológico e imuno-histoquímico complementares

Introduction: Both the splenic angiosarcoma and the B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) are not only rare but are challenging to diagnose. Case report: Male patient, 45 years old, obese, night sweats for one year, and cyclic abdominal pain for two years, with an initial angiosarcoma clinic, however after immunohistochemistry test, it was revealed a B-cell NHL with atypical presentation. The total abdomen ultrasound (US) performed at the onset of the night sweating symptom showed no alterations. After one year, the US showed a splenic mass. Magnetic resonance imaging of the abdominal region revealed a heterogeneous expansive splenic lesion in the anterior aspect with suspected splenic angiosarcoma. After full splenectomy, caudal pancreatectomy, and retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy, histological analysis showed an area of poorly differentiated necrotic malignancy infiltrated in the splenic parenchyma. Immunohistochemical analysis was positive for CD20 reagents in several foci, BCL2, and for KI67 (in ninety percent of the neoplastic cell nucleus). Histopathology and immunohistochemistry are consistent with high-grade, diffuse, NHL of immunophenotype B in the spleen, with no sign of metastasis to adjacent tissues. After total splenectomy and four rounds of chemotherapy, the patient had remission of the tumor and was asymptomatic. Conclusion: It is extremely important to recognize the relevance of the correct diagnosis of rare neoplasms such as the one reported. Both clinical and imaging tests, although important, can be inaccurate, reiterating the importance of complementary histologic and immunohistochemical tests

Introducción: El angiosarcoma esplénico e el linfoma no Hodgkin (LNH) de células B no solo son raros sino que presentan un reto diagnóstico. Relato del caso: Paciente masculino de 45 años, obeso, con sudoración nocturna durante un año y dolor abdominal cíclico durante dos años, con clínica inicial de angiosarcoma, pero bajo inmunohistoquímica mostró LNH de células B con presentación atípica. En la ecografía de abdomen total realizada al comienzo del síntoma de sudoración nocturna no hubo cambios. Después de un año, la ecografía enseñó una masa esplénica. La resonancia magnética de la región abdominal reveló una lesión esplénica expansiva heterogénea en la cara anterior, sospechosa de angiosarcoma esplénico. Tras la esplenectomía total, la pancreatectomía caudal y la linfadenectomía retroperitoneal, el análisis histológico mostró un área de neoplasia maligna necrótica poco diferenciada infiltrada en el parénquima esplénico. El análisis inmunohistoquímico fue positivo para los reactivos CD20 en varios focos, BCL2 y KI67 en el 95% del núcleo celular, la histología y la inmunohistoquímica son consistentes con LNH difuso de alto grado de inmunofenotipo B en el bazo, sin signos de metástasis. Tras esplenectomía total y cuatro rondas de quimioterapia, el paciente presentó remisión del tumor, así como disminución de síntomas. Conclusión: Es de suma importancia reconocer el diagnóstico de neoplasias raras como la reportada. Tanto las pruebas clínicas como las de imagen, aunque fundamentales, pueden ser inexactas, reiterando la importancia de las pruebas histopatológicas e inmunohistológicas

Manejode linfoma primario de bazo en paciente con ViH-Sida: reporte de caso / Management of primary lymphoma of the spleen in a patient with HIV-AIDS: case report

Los linfomas primarios de bazo afectan al bazo y/o sus ganglios linfáticos inicialmente. Representan <1% de los linfomas e implican un reto diagnóstico, por baja prevalencia y sintomatología inusual. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue describir el manejo y evolución de un paciente con VIH-SIDA y la presentación de un Linfoma primario de bazo.En este reporte presentamos el caso de un paciente masculino de 52 años con VIH sin apego a tratamiento debuta con dolor abdominal, fiebre y pérdida de peso de 2 meses de evolución. La tomografía computarizada properatoria revela esplenomegalia y lesiones hipodensas sospechosas de neoformación. Es intervenido, realizándose una laparotomía exploratoria, con esplenectomía. El estudio histopatológico reporta linfoma no Hodgkin.El linfoma primario de bazo es poco frecuente. Es necesario su conocimiento para su sospecha diagnóstica y un diagnóstico diferencial en pacientes con esplenomegalia.Primary splenic lymphomas involve the spleen and/or its lymph nodes. They represent <1% of lymphomas and they imply a diagnostic challenge due to its poor symptomatology and low prevalence.There for, the objects this work describe the management and evolution of a patient with HIV-AIDS and presentation of a primary lymphoma of the spleenIn this report we present the case of a 52-year-old male patient with HIV infection without treatment presented with abdominal pain, fever and a 2-month weight loss. The pre-operative computed tomography showed splenomegaly and hypodense lesions suspected to be tumoral. He was operated on, performing an exploratory laparotomy, performing an splenectomy. The histopathological study reported a non-Hodgkin lymphoma.Primary splenic lymphoma is a non frequent entity. It is necessary to be acquainted with it in order to suspect it.

Primary splenic lymphomas involve the spleen and/or its lymph nodes. They represent <1% of lymphomas and they imply a diagnostic challenge due to its poor symptomatology and low prevalence.There for, the objects this work describe the management and evolution of a patient with HIV-AIDS and presentation of a primary lymphoma of the spleenIn this report we present the case of a 52-year-old male patient with HIV infection without treatment presented with abdominal pain, fever and a 2-month weight loss. The pre-operative computed tomography showed splenomegaly and hypodense lesions suspected to be tumoral. He was operated on, performing an exploratory laparotomy, performing an splenectomy. The histopathological study reported a non-Hodgkin lymphoma.Primary splenic lymphoma is a non frequent entity. It is necessary to be acquainted with it in order to suspect it.

Hepatosplenic B-cell lymphoma associated with hemophagocytic syndrome: a case report

While T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) associated with hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) has been frequently observed, B-cell NHL associated with HPS has been rarely reported. We report a case of hepatosplenic B-cell lymphoma associated with HPS in a 41-year-old woman who presented with fever of unknown origin. An abdominal CT scan revealed splenomegaly with focal splenic infarction. Splenectomy and a liver wedge biopsy showed sinusoidal-pattern infiltration of medium to large tumor cells with positive reaction to a B-lymphocyte marker. Findings on bone marrow examination showed proliferation of histiocytes with avid hemophagocytosis.